Throat cancer is a serious condition that affects areas like the larynx, oropharynx, and tonsils. It usually begins in the flat cells lining the throat and, while not as widespread as some other cancers, it can still be quite dangerous. In some cases, it may also damage the epiglottis—the small flap that covers the windpipe when swallowing. In this article, we’ll go over ten warning signs of throat cancer that you should be aware of.

Different Types of Throat Cancer

Throat cancer comes in several forms. The two most common types are oropharyngeal cancer and laryngeal cancer. Oropharyngeal cancer is often linked to HPV, the most widespread sexually transmitted infection in the U.S. This type of cancer is diagnosed in men twice as often as in women, with most cases appearing in individuals over 63. On the other hand, laryngeal cancer primarily impacts the voice box and is more frequently found in those over 55.

Other variations of throat cancer include hypopharyngeal, nasopharyngeal, supraglottic, glottic, and subglottic cancers. Let’s take a closer look at the ten key symptoms associated with these conditions.

1. Persistent Sore Throat

One of the earliest warning signs of throat cancer is a sore throat that lingers for weeks or worsens over time. Unlike a typical throat infection that clears up in a few days, cancer-related throat pain can be long-lasting and may intensify, making it difficult to speak or swallow. If your sore throat persists for more than two weeks, it’s best to get it checked by a doctor.

2. Unexplained Weight Loss

Losing weight unintentionally—without changes to diet or physical activity—could be a red flag for throat cancer. As the disease progresses, pain while swallowing often leads to reduced food intake, causing significant weight loss. Additionally, cancer can alter metabolism, decreasing appetite and making it even harder to maintain a healthy weight.

3. Changes in Your Voice

If your voice suddenly becomes hoarse, raspy, or weak and the change doesn’t go away, it could be a sign of laryngeal or hypopharyngeal cancer. Since these cancers often affect the vocal cords, they can make speech sound slurred or strained. If voice abnormalities persist for an extended period, it’s crucial to seek medical evaluation, as early detection improves treatment outcomes.

4. Difficulty Swallowing

Struggling to swallow food or feeling like something is stuck in your throat could indicate a tumor blocking the passageway. This condition, known as dysphagia, can make eating painful and uncomfortable, leading some individuals to avoid meals altogether, which can further contribute to weight loss. If you frequently experience difficulty swallowing, it’s essential to get a medical assessment.